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Last update: May 2021

Menu Logo Principal Plant pathology unit - INRA AVIGNON

Pathologie vegetale

Zone de texte éditable et éditée et rééditée

Plant virus epidemiology

Virus genetic diversity at the field scale

Epidemiological studies at the field scale have been performed on cucurbit viruses for more than 30 years in Montfavet (Avignon). Comparative analysis of unique long-term datasets of two cucurbit infecting potyviruses, WMV (watermelon mosaic virus) and ZYMV (zucchini yellow mosaic virus) in the same field has revealed contrasted situations.

The contrasted patterns between ZYMV and WMV outbreaks and genetic diversity provide insightful information about potyvirus epidemiological processes. ZYMV epidemics are sporadic but occasionally very severe, whereas WMV causes regular and early epidemics. Since both viruses have many aphid vectors in common and are transmitted with similar efficiencies, the differences observed in ZYMV and WMV reservoir abundances could be a major explanatory factor for the differences observed in the spatio-temporal patterns of ZYMV and WMV epidemics in France.

Lecoq, H., Wipf-Scheibel, C., Nozeran, K., Millot, P., Desbiez, C. (2014). Comparative molecular epidemiology provides new insights into Zucchini yellow mosaic virus occurrence in France. Virus Research, 186, 135-143. DOI : 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.01.020

Simplified phylogenetic trees of ZYMV and WMV and virus types observed into four experimental plots located in Montfavet (south-eastern France)

© Lecoq, H., Wipf-Scheibel, C., Nozeran, K., Millot, P., Desbiez, C. (2014). Comparative molecular epidemiology provides new insights into Zucchini yellow mosaic virus occurrence in France. Virus Research, 186, 135-143. DOI : 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.01.020

WMV (watermelon mosaic virus) populations 

  • switch of populations with a rapid replacement between 2000 and 2007 of the « classic » (CL) strains present for more than 30 years by « emerging » (EM) strains probably originating from Asia
  • few fitness advantages of EM vs. CL strains: preferential transmission of EM strains from plants mixed-infected with CL and EM strains could be one of the factors leading to the displacement of CL by EM isolates

ZYMV (zucchini yellow mosaic virus) populations

  • molecular analyses revealed a population turnover between two molecular groups, followed by the introduction in 2004-2005 of two new strains, again probably from Asia

Lecoq, H., Fabre, F., Joannon, B., Wipf-Scheibel, C., Chandeysson, C., Schoeny, A., Desbiez, C. (2011). Search for factors involved in the rapid shift in watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) populations in south-eastern France. Virus Research, 159 (2), 115-123. DOI : 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.05.004

Lecoq, H., Wipf-Scheibel, C., Nozeran, K., Millot, P., Desbiez, C. (2014). Comparative molecular epidemiology provides new insights into Zucchini yellow mosaic virus occurrence in France. Virus Research, 186, 135-143. DOI : 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.01.020