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Last update: May 2021

Durable management of plant resistance to viruses

During the last decade, we have described the evolutionary mechanisms that have allowed different potyviruses including PVY (potato virus Y) and ZYMV to overcome monogenic resistance or tolerance in plants of the Solanaceae (pepper, tomato, potato) and Cucurbitaceae (zucchini) families.

We have continued to look for new resistance sources in plant accession collections present in the GAFL-INRA unit, to determine the genetic determinism of these resistances and to evaluate their durability potential in order to promote the genetic control of viruses that are already prevalent in France or that may be introduced in France in the future.

More recently, we have shifted our work towards the identification of strategies to pinpoint or to build resistances with a higher durability potential, focussing on quantitative resistance.

Our preliminray results

The identification of the viral mutation or recombination events involved in the resistance breakdown and the fitness costs induced by these events have permitted to understand why some resistance genes have proven extremely durable (>50 years) and others poorly durable (in some extreme cases, resistance-breaking isolates are prevalent in crops before the use of the resistance gene).
One dominant resistance gene and one recessive tolerance gene have been identified in melon accessions against CVYV (cucurbit vein yellows virus, genus Ipomovirus, family Potyviridae). The dominant resistance seems to be poorly durable, a single mutation in the virus VPg (viral protein genome-linked) being sufficient for resistance breakdown. Melon accessions with different levels of resistance against two begomoviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae), MeCMV (melon chlorotic mosaic virus), which severely affect severely melon crops in Venezuela, and ToLCNDV (tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus), recently introduced in southern Spain and which may emerge in the South of France in the coming years. Interestingly, several melon accessions are resistant to both begomoviruses. We have also shown that even though the A. gossypii aphids can adapt to the resistance controlled by the Vat gene in melon, there is no evidence of adaptation of the A. gossypii-transmitted viruses to the Vat resistance.

Charon, J., Barra, A., Walter, J., Millot, P., Hébrard, E., Moury, B., Michon, T. (2018). First experimental assessment of protein intrinsic disorder involvement in an RNA virus natural adaptive process. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35, 38-49. , DOI : 10.1093/molbev/msx249 http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/410152
Dalmon, A., Desbiez, C., Coulon, M., Thomasson, M., Le Conte, Y., Alaux, C., Vallon, J., Moury, B. (2017). Evidence for positive selection and recombination hotspots in Deformed wing virus (DWV). Scientific Reports, 7 (41045), 1-12. DOI : 10.1038/srep41045 http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/385936
Gallois, J.-L., Moury, B., German-Retana, S. (2018). Role of the genetic background in resistance to plant viruses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19, 2856. DOI : 10.3390/ijms19102856 http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/445056
Maisonneuve, B., Pitrat, M., Gognalons, P., Moury, B. (2018). Growth stage-dependent resistance to the potyviruses lettuce Italian necrotic virus and Lettuce mosaic virus displayed by Lactuca sativa introgression lines carrying the Mo3 locus from L. virosa. Plant Pathology, 67, 2013-2018. DOI : 10.1111/ppa.12909 http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/439859
Michel, V., Julio, E., Candresse, T., Cotucheau, J., Decorps, C., Volpatti, R., Moury, B., Glais, L., Dorlhac de Borne, F., Decroocq, V., German-Retana, S. (2018). NtTPN1: a RPP8‐like R gene required for Potato virus Y‐induced veinal necrosis in tobacco. Plant Journal, 95, 700-714. DOI : 10.1111/tpj.13980 http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/430737
Pilet-Nayel, M.-L., Moury, B., Caffier, V., Montarry, J., Kerlan, M.-C., Fournet, S., Durel, C. E., Delourme, R. (2017). Quantitative resistance to plant pathogens in pyramiding strategies for durable crop protection. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1838. , DOI : 10.3389/fpls.2017.01838 http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/410896
Rousseau, E., Moury, B., Mailleret, Senoussi, R., Palloix, A., Simon, V., Valiere, S., Grognard, Fabre, F. (2017). Estimating virus effective population size and selection without neutral markers. Plos Pathogens, 13, e1006702. DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006702 http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/415622