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Abstract :

In the history of mankind, the Neolithic period (around 10,000 to 2,500 BC) is marked by profound technical and social transformations, linked to the adoption by human groups of a subsistence model based on agriculture, then livestock farming, and most often involving the sedentarization of populations. Almost everywhere, farming communities have acquired two essential plant foods that they have domesticated and cultivated: cereals and legumes. The aim of this seminar is to explain how these essential foods have structured human societies to this day, and helped forge the identity of the peoples who ate them.